Gtjillatjme gontieb



UNITED vSTA-rus PATENT Crricn".

GULLAUMEGONTIER, OF COGNAC, FRANCE.

RATCH ET-WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 290,036, dated December11, 1883.

Application led August 2, 1883. (No model.) Patented in France J une 30,1883, No. 10, in England July 13, 1883, No. 3,468,

and in Belgium July 14, 1883, N0. 45,286.

To all whom it may concern,.- y

Beit known that I, GUILLAUME YGrou'rrnn, a citizen of the FrenchRepublic, residing at Cbgnac, in the French Republic, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Ratchet-Wrenches, (for which 1have obtained Letters Patent in France, No. 10, under date of June 30,1883; in Belgium, No. 45,286, un-

render them more efficacious and durable, and

adapt them at the same time for use under the most varied circumstances.

In the accompanying drawings, Figures 1, 2, and 3 show my improvedratchet-wrench in side elevation, top plan View, and longitudinalvertical section, respectively. Fig. L1 is a detached elevation of thewrench or key holder. Fig. 5 is a section taken on line x m of Fig. 2.Figs. 6 and 7 show, respectively, by a top and bottom plan view, thekey-holder. Fig. 8' is an elevation of an auxiliary wrench or keyholder, and Fig. 9 is a detached view of the ratchet-pawl.

Like letters of reference indicate like parts wherever such may occur.

The wrench is composed of an annular wrench or keybox or holder, B, theupper face of which is provided with a series of disconnectedratchet-teeth, 1 2 3, &c.'-that is to say, ratchet-teeth are cut orformed at intervals and equidistant from one another in the face of theholder B-whereby section, b, having its opposite walls, b', vertical, isinterposed between each two teeth 1 2 3, Snc., as plainly shown in Figs.5 and 6. The holder B has an annular projection, B', of less diameter,that forms the fulcrum for the handle H, said handle terminating in aring, h, that flts over the annular boss or projection B', and

is held in place by a locking ring or disk, D, secured to the boss B bymeans of screws d. The chamberB2 in the nut-holder is preferably squareor of other angular form, for the reception of a wrench or key, N, thatis secured within the chamber by means of a screw or screws, S, Figs. 3and 5. Each tool will be provided with a set of such keys of differentcaliber, sothat the wrench may be used on nuts or taps of differentsizes.

It is frequently the case that a wrenchof this class cannot beconveniently used Where the bolts are located close to one another, orwhere such bolts project slightly above the adjacent bolts. To adapt thewrenchfor use under such circumstances, I provide an auxiliarykey-holder, A, Fig. 8, adapted to be secured to the holder B by means ofthe screw or screws S, while the key is secured to thel auxiliary holderby means of a screw or screws. By means of this auxiliary keyholder, thehandle H is raised above the nuts or bolts adjacent to the one to whichthe wrench is applied, and may therefore be readily rotated.

The handle H has a boss or projection, H', that is slotted for thelreception of a pawl, P. (Shown in detail in Fig.- 9.) The pawl has abearing, p, for the free end of a leaf-spring, S', secured at s to thehandle H, as plainly shown in Fig. 2, and an inclined face, p. It (thepawl) is of such length as to project down into the recesses formedbythe inclined faces ofthe teeth 1 2 3, &c., and the vertical walls b ofthe holder.

The operation of the tool is as follows: Having selected a key of theproper caliber and secured the same in the chamber B2 of the keyholderor the corresponding chamber of the auxiliary key-holder, as the casemay be, the key is applied over the nut to be unscrewed, the pawl beinginthe position shown in Fig. 5. If, now, a partial rotation is impartedto the handle from left to right, as the straight face of the pawl liesagainst one of the vertical walls b of the holder it will carry thelatter around with it, unscrewing the nut, 1f the movement of the handleis now reversed, the pawl will ride up the inclined face of tooth 4:,Fig. 5, for example, and when about to ride over it, instead of fallinginto the recess r, the upper end of IOC the inclined face p will bearagainst the upper edge ofthe vertical Wall b of said recess, and saidpa'Wl Will continue to rise and ride over the upper face of the sectionI), to fall into the recess a," on one side of tooth 5 without rotatingthe holder, the vertical i'ace of the pawl again lying against thevertical wall b oi a section Z. If the handle is now turned again fromleft to right, the pawl P will again carry the l; ey-holder along torotate the nut, as Will be readily understood. If it is desired to screwthe nuts on the bolts again or to tighten up a nut after loosening thesame, the position ofthe pawl l? in the slot is reversed, and itwillthen lie in the position shown inFig. 9,\vhereby the operation ofthe Wrench is reversed. Thereversal of the position of thepawl iseffected by turning the spring S off the bearing p of the pawl l?, asshown in dotted linesin Fig. 2, lifting the pawl out ofthe slot of theboss H, reversing the paWl, returning it into the slot, and placing thespring in position.

It is obvious that by means of the described construction I obtain aratchet-Wrench that is not only si1nplebut very strong and durable, andthat is adapted for use under almost any circumstances.

Having thus fully described niy invention, what I claim, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. Ina ratchet-Wrench,awrench or key holder having the ratchet-teeth1234, &c., formed at intervals in its face, an operating-handle, and areversible pawhwhereby the function of the wrench may be reversed, asdescribed.

2. A ratchet-Wrench composed of a Wrench or key holder having the teethl 2 3 4, &c., formed at intervals in its face, an operatinghandle, areversible pawl, and a removable Wrench or key, as described.

3. A ratchet-Wrench composed of a Wrench or key holder having theratchet-teeth l 2 3 4, Sie., formed at intervalsin its face, anoperating-handle, a reversible pawl, an auxiliary Wrench or key holder,and arelnovablewrench or key, as d escribed,for the purposes specified.

4. The l ey-holder B, having an annular flange or boss, B', andratchettecth l 2 3 4, dsc., and the locking-disk D, in combination withthe handle I-I, having ring 7L, the spring S', and pawl l?, allconstructed for operation as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this9th day of July, 1883.

GUILLAUME GON TIER.

Vitiiesses EDWARD P. MACLEAN, Louis ToUssAIN'r.

